There are different types of eczema. Most cases of eczema are due to contact with an allergen. The hypersensitive immune system of someone with eczema mistakes a substance for a foreign invader. This sensitivity of the immune system is thought to be responsible for the most common type of eczema, atopic dermatitis.

Most types of eczema are also made worse or more likely to cause rashes if the skin is dehydrated. Asteatotic eczema is one of these types of eczema that is largely caused by dry skin. Asteatotic eczema most commonly affects the elderly. This type of eczema causes the skin to crack.

Nummular eczema is a type of eczema that causes rashes in coin-shaped patches that consists of small blisters. This chronic skin condition is also called discoid eczema. The cause of this eczema is unknown though it may be an allergic reaction to either medication or a bacterial infection.

Dyshidrotic eczema is another type of eczema that can cause blisters. The rash of dyshidrotic eczema causes intense itchiness. A dyshidrotic eczema rash can develop deep cracks that can be painful. The cause of dyshidrotic eczema is unknown though it tends to affect people who have personal or family histories that include different types of eczema, asthma, and hay fever.

Seborrheic eczema, also called seborrheic dermatitis affects the scalp. It causes a condition known as cradle cap in infants. Seborrheic eczema is responsible for some cases of dandruff. Though this type of eczema mostly affects the scalp, it has been known to spread to the areas of the face. In infants, seborrheic eczema usually clears up before one year of age but may recur during puberty. Adults with seborrheic eczema tend to have periodic flare-ups.

Stasis eczema, also called stasis dermatitis, is different from other types of eczema in that it is caused by poor circulation. When the circulation system is not functioning normally, fluid may build up in the legs. This excess fluid affects the skin and causes an eczema rash of flaky, dry skin. The rash causes itchiness and inflamed skin. This type of eczema most commonly affects people over the age of forty.

Neurodermatitis is a type of eczema that is caused by irritation to the nerves. The irritation of the nerves causes intense itching. The itch persists even if the patient scratches. The cycle of itching and scratching the area of affected skin can cause sores, dry skin, and the skin to thicken and darken. Neurodermatitis can be triggered by emotional stress or an insect bite.